Dear Wolfgang, I am looking at one particular function costMatrix in tilingArray, it seems that the returning matrix is not consistent with the documentation. The calculation is fine for rows G[1:(maxk-1),]; but for the last row G[maxk,] only the first column has been assigned a value outside the loop, thus I am not sure if this is intended (as I feel this would eliminate certain cases in the segmentation result). Below is a small example, far from real but just a proof of concept, 1> x<-c(1,1,1,3,3,3) ## here the behavior is expected since only column 1 can be filled, from column 2 has (2+6-1)>6 thus kept NA > costMatrix(x, maxk=6) [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [1,] 0.0 0.000000 0.000000 0 0 0 [2,] 0.0 0.000000 2.000000 0 0 NA [3,] 0.0 2.666667 2.666667 0 NA NA [4,] 3.0 4.000000 3.000000 NA NA NA [5,] 4.8 4.800000 NA NA NA NA [6,] 6.0 NA NA NA NA NA # here I was expecting the first 2 rows in the previous call, 1> costMatrix(x, maxk=2) [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [1,] 0 0 0 0 0 0 [2,] 0 NA NA NA NA NA So the returning matrix will be ok when maxk is equal to the length/rows of the input vector/matrix, but only having the first column filled in the last row when maxk is less. Subsequently this will render inaccurate estimates when using the wrong matrix, since in the c code all elements with wrong NA will not be add to the cost function. # only looking for one change, 2 segments, biased towards n-1 > .Call("findsegments", costMatrix(x,maxk=3) ,as.integer(2), as.integer(1), PACKAGE="tilingArray")$th [,1] [,2] [1,] 7 0 [2,] 6 7 > segment(x,maxk=3,2)@breakpoints[[2]] estimate [1,] 6 # here give a larger value for maxk then subset the first maxk-1 rows, which are accurate. > .Call("findsegments", costMatrix(x,maxk=4)[1:3,] ,as.integer(2), as.integer(1), PACKAGE="tilingArray")$th [,1] [,2] [1,] 7 0 [2,] 4 7 -- Regards Yang Du