Hi Sean, Looking at the code, the two methods should be the same, I have tested this with the swirl data and the results looks the same to me. Try the following: data(swirl) x <- swirl yy <- maNormMain(x,f.loc=list(maNormMed()),f.scale=list(maNormMAD())) z1 <- maNorm(x, norm="m") z2 <- maNormScale(z1, norm="globalMAD") par(mfrow=c(2,2)) for(i in 1:4) plot(maM(z2)[,i], maM(yy)[,i]) Could you described a little more how it is different in your dataset? Cheers Jean ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Jean Yee Hwa Yang jean@biostat.ucsf.edu Division of Biostatistics, Tel: (415) 476-3368 University of California, Fax: (415) 476-6014 500 Parnassus Avenue, MU 420-W, San Francisco, CA 94143-0560 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~